A proposed bill in Nigeria’s National Assembly seeks to impose a six-month jail term or a fine of ₦100,000 on eligible voters who fail to participate in elections.
Titled ‘Bill for an Act to Amend the Electoral Act 2022,’ the legislation has been criticised as provocative and repressive.
While some countries practise compulsory voting, they typically impose minor fines rather than imprisonment, as seen in Australia and Belgium.
Declining voter turnout in Nigeria
Nigeria has witnessed a consistent decline in voter turnout since 2007, with the 2023 presidential election recording the lowest participation rate in history—27% of eligible voters.
Disillusionment with the electoral process, logistical challenges, and perceived manipulation of results have contributed to voter apathy. Many Nigerians feel their votes do not count, further eroding trust in democracy.
Calls for electoral reform
Critics argue that the bill fails to address the root causes of voter apathy, such as poor logistics, harassment, and lack of voter education.
Civil society organisations, including the Socio-Economic Rights and Accountability Project, have called for the bill’s withdrawal, describing it as oppressive and unconstitutional.
Advocates stress the need for genuine electoral reforms to restore faith in Nigeria’s democratic processes.
Economic hardship and disconnection from democracy
The declining quality of life in Nigeria has exacerbated citizens’ disconnection from democracy. Rising costs of living, including the price of staple goods like rice, have left many disillusioned with governance.
Experts suggest that delivering tangible dividends of democracy could reignite public interest in elections and governance.
Nigerian national assembly
The Nigerian National Assembly is the country’s bicameral legislature, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
Established under the 1999 Constitution, it is responsible for making laws, approving budgets, and overseeing the executive branch.
The Senate has 109 members, with three senators from each of the 36 states and one from the Federal Capital Territory, while the House of Representatives comprises 360 members elected based on population.
The Assembly plays a critical role in shaping Nigeria’s governance and democracy, though it has faced criticism for inefficiency and high operational costs. It convenes in Abuja, the nation’s capital.
